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Forming a Moon with an Earth-like composition via a Giant Impact (Canup, pp. 1052-1055) WITH...

Forming a Moon with an Earth-like composition via a Giant Impact (Canup, pp. 1052-1055) WITH Making the Moon From a Fast-Spinning Earth: A Giant Impact Followed by Resonant Despinning ( uk, pp. 1047-1052 in Science 338, 6110, November 23, 2012

by Canup, Robin WITH uk, M.; Stewart, S. T.

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New York: AAAS, 2012. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS OF TWO IMPORTANT PAPERS ON THE GIANT-IMPACT THEORY, THE CURRENTLY FAVORED SCIENTIFIC HYPOTHESIS FOR THE FORMATION OF THE MOON. The Giant-Impact Theory is also know as the Giant-Impact Hypothesis, the Big Splash, and the The Impact. "The giant impact believed to have formed the Earth-Moon system has long been accepted as canon. However, a major challenge to the theory has been that the Earth and Moon have identical oxygen isotope compositions, even though earlier impact models indicated they should differ substantially" (Phys Org Web Portal, 17 October 2012). The significance of Canup's paper is that it "accounts for this similarity in composition while also yielding an appropriate mass for Earth and the Moon" (ibid). Motivated by the work of others on the early dynamical history of the Moon, Robin Canup, working at the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, CO, developed new models that involve much larger impactors than were… Read More
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Effects of Diffusion on Free Precession in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments in Physical...

Effects of Diffusion on Free Precession in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments in Physical Review 94, No. 3, May 1, 1954, pp. 630-638 [NMR]

by Carr, H. Y. and Purcell, E. M.

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Lancaster: American Physical Society, 1954. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS OF A PIONEERING PAPER IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING. Carr and Purcell "showed that a simple modification of Hahn's spin-echo method reduces drastically the effect of diffusion" in magnetic resonance, thus increasing its reliability (Aligizaki, 213). Otto Hahn recognized "the sensitivity of the spin echo MR signal on molecular diffusion... While he proposed that one could measure the diffusion coefficient of a solution containing spin-labeled molecules, he did not propose a direct method for doing so... [In 1954 in this paper], Carr and Purcell proposed a complete mathematical and physical framework for such a measurement using Hahn's NMR spin echo sequence. They realized that the echo magnitude could be sensitized solely to the effects of random molecular spreading caused by diffusion in a way that permits a direct measurement. "Carr and Purcell's proposed MR sequences sensitized the MR spin echo to the… Read More
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Sur une définition géométrique du tenseur d'énergie d'Einstein AND Sur une généralisation...
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Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1922. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION OF THE FIVE PAPERS THAT COMPRISE THE EINSTEIN-CARTAN THEORY OF GRAVIATION (ECT). "In theoretical physics, the Einstein-Cartan theory is a classical theory of gravitation similar to general relativity, but relaxing the assumption that the affine connection has vanishing antisymmetric part (torsion tensor), so that the torsion can be coupled to the intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of matter, much in the same way in which the curvature is coupled to the energy and momentum of matter. In fact, the spin of matter in curved spacetime requires that torsion is not constrained to be zero but is a variable in the principle of stationary action. Regarding the metric and torsion tensors as independent variables gives the correct generalization of the conservation law for the total (orbital plus intrinsic) angular momentum to the presence of the gravitational field. "Einstein-Cartan theory has been historically overshadowed by its torsion-free… Read More
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The Four-Color Theorem: On the Colouring of Maps by Arthur Cayley (in Proceedings of the Royal...

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1st Edition. THE FOUR-COLOUR (Color) PROBLEM (OR THEOREM) IS "THE FIRST MAJOR THEOREM TO BE PROVED USING A COMPUTER" (Lamb, Having Fun with the 4-Color Theorem, Scientific American, March 1, 2013). Because the problem had "resisted the attempts of able mathematicians for over a century...when it was successfully proved in 1976 the ‘computer proof' was controversial [because] it did not allow scrutiny in the conventional way" (Crilly, Notes and Records of the Royal Society, 22 Sept. 2005). "The Four-Color Theorem states that any map in a plane can be colored using four-colors in such a way that regions sharing a common boundary (other than a single point) do not share the same color. The problem, or question, is well-known in mathematics and is certainly the most famous problem in the field of "discrete" mathematics. Included in a custom case are first editions of the first printed paper of the problem, this by Arthur Cayley in 1879, and three papers by Appel and Haken (an announcement of the proof… Read More
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A Sixth Memoir upon Quantics, extracted from The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,...

A Sixth Memoir upon Quantics, extracted from The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Vol. 149, Part I, 1859, pp. 61-90

by Cayley, Arthur

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Cambridge: Royal Society, 1859. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION (extracted from the 1859 Philosophical Transactions) OF THE PAPER IN WHICH CAYLEY "LAID THE FOUNDATIONS OF NON-EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY" & "DEMONSTRATED THAT EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY WAS PART OF PROJECTIVE GEOMETRY RATHER THAN THE CONVERSE" (Pierpont, "Cayley's Definition of Non-Euclidean Geometry," AJM 53, 1, 1931, 117; Princeton Companion to Mathematics, 772). Cayley's ‘Sixth Memoir upon Quantics' "contains the first analytical treatment of a projective metric from the standpoint of the algebraic theory of invariants" (Biagioli, Space, Number, and Geometry, 123). Beginning with an introductory memoir in 1854, Cayley "composed a series of ten ‘Memoirs on Quantics,' the last published in 1878, which for mathematicians at large constituted a brilliant and influential account of the theory as he and others were developing it" (DSB, III, 165). [Note that we offer all ten memoirs together in a separate listing]. Quantics is "a term [Cayley] coined for… Read More
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Ten Memoirs on Quantics [a complete set extracted from] The Philosophical Transactions of the...

Ten Memoirs on Quantics [a complete set extracted from] The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 1854-1878

by Cayley, Arthur

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London: Royal Society. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION OF ALL 10 OF CAYLEY'S ‘MEMOIRS ON QUANTICS', a complete set extracted from 1854 to 1878 Philosophical Transactions and handsomely bound in half calf over period appropriate boards. Included are Introductory Memoir upon Quantics, 1854, 13 pages; 2nd Memoir, 1855, 25 pages; 3rd, 1856, 20 pages; 4th, 1858, 12 pages; 5th, 1858, 31 pages; 6th, 1859, 29 pages; 7th, 1861, 15 pages; 8th, 1867, 41 pages; 9th, 1870, 33 pages; 10th, 1878, 58 pages. Quantics is "a term [Cayley] coined for algebraic forms, now referred to as multilinear homogeneous algebraic forms" (Princeton). Beginning in 1854, Cayley composed a series of 10 memoirs, the last published in 1878. For mathematicians at large, Cayley's efforts "constituted a brilliant and influential account of [quantics] theory as he and others were developing it. The results Cayley was obtaining impressed mathematicians by their unexpectedness and elegance" (DSB, III, 165). The ‘Sixth Memoir' is the best… Read More
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A Memoir on the Theory of Matrices (Cayley, pp. 17-46) + The Bakerian Lecture: On the...

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London: Royal Society, 1858. 1st Edition. Handsomely bound FIRST EDITION, FULL VOLUME INCLUSIVE OF MANY IMPORTANT PAPERS & 71 PLATES. Included are Cayley's paper on matrices marks "an epoch in the development of the subject" (Ball, A Short Account of the History of Mathematics, 476). Gassiot's paper "was particularly important in the demise of the contact theory of voltaic electricity" and is widely held to contain the roots of early television (Wiki; Shiers, Early TV). Two papers by the distinguished paleontologist Richard Owen (with a total of 8 plates). As well, there are 5 more papers by Cayley; several by Tyndall including one on ice; Matthiessen on metals (including his ‘rule'), work for which he would later win the Royal Medal. There are others by Plücker, Lister, Lyell, and others. CAYLEY: Cayley's memoir on matrices "the first paper on matrix algebra" (Higham, Cayley, Sylvester, and Early Matrix Theory, 2007). His "researches on matrices and non-commutative algebras mark an epoch in the… Read More
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Possible Existence of a Neutron in Nature Vol. 129, January to June, 1932 [CHADWICK ASSERTS...

Possible Existence of a Neutron" in Nature Vol. 129, January to June, 1932 [CHADWICK ASSERTS "POSSIBLE" EXISTENCE OF A NEUTRON. BOUND FULL VOLUME 1st EDITION]

by Chadwick, James

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London: Macmillan, 1932. 1st Edition. FULL VOLUME 1st EDITION of James Chadwick's initial speculation about the "possible" existence of the neutron, a subatomic particle with no electrical charge and a mass slightly larger than that of a proton. When, three months later, Chadwick affirmed his discovery, his assertion rewrote then current beliefs in nuclear science: he had proven that elementary particles devoid of any electrical charge existed. "For the discovery of the neutron," Chadwick was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobel Prize Committee). "The discovery of the neutron made by Chadwick led to a much deeper understanding of the nature of matter, explaining for example why isotopes of elements exist. It also inspired Enrico Fermi and other physicists to investigate nuclear reactions produced by neutrons, leading to the discovery of nuclear fission" (Hutchinson, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, I, 227). This discovery provided a new tool for inducing atomic disintegration, since… Read More
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Observation of Antiprotons in Physical Review 100 Issue 3 pp. 947-950, November 1, 1955; WITH...
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Observation of Antiprotons in Physical Review 100 Issue 3 pp. 947-950, November 1, 1955; WITH Antiproton Star Observed in Emulsion Physical Review 101 pp. 909, January 15, 1956

by Chamberlain, Owen and Segre, Emilio

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New York: The American Physical Society. 1st Edition. 1956 FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS of the two papers that won Chamberlain and Segre the 1959 Nobel Prize for the first experimental confirmation of the antiproton, a new subatomic particle identical in every way to the proton, except that its electrical charge was negative instead of positive. Chamberlain and Segre's discovery was the culmination of a hunt whose origins go back to 1928, when British physicist Paul Dirac formulated a theory to describe the behavior of relativistic electrons in electric and magnetic fields. Dirac's equation was unique for its time because it took into consideration both Einstein's special theory of relativity and the effects of quantum physics, as proposed by Erwin Schrödinger and Werner Heisenberg, to describe the behavior of slow-moving particles. While the math worked, few physicists gave Dirac's equation much serious consideration, because it allowed particles of negative energy. From the standpoint of both… Read More
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Fertilization of rabbit ova in vitro in Nature 184, 1959, pp. 466-467

Fertilization of rabbit ova in vitro in Nature 184, 1959, pp. 466-467

by Chang, M. C. [Min Chueh Chang]

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London: Macmillan, 1959. 1st Edition. HANDSOMELY BOUND FIRST EDITION OF THE FIRST REPORT OF IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION OF AN ANIMAL. The definitive solution of the problem of in vitro fertilization of the mammalian egg and the first report of a in-vitro fertiliation in an animal was provided by the Chinese-American reproductive biologist Min Chueh Chang in 1959. Though he didn't fully understand it, Chang proves here that "oocytes fertilized in vitro were capable of developing and producing live normal young if transferred into the uterus" (Alberda, Pioneers in in vitro fertilization, 29). "For his experiment, Chang took sperm from male rabbits with specific traits not present in the female ovum donor." The presence of the male traits in the offspring provided unequivocal proof that the sperm had transmitted genetic information to the young" (Making Babies: Biomedical Technologies, 59). CONDITION & DETAILS: London: Macmillan and Co. Complete Volume 184. 4to. 10.5 by 7.5 inches (263 x 188mm). [4], clxxv,… Read More
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Ice Age Terminations in Science 326 No. 5950 pp. 248-252, October 9, 2009

Ice Age Terminations in Science 326 No. 5950 pp. 248-252, October 9, 2009

by Chang, Hai

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New York: AAAS, 2009. 1st Edition. Chang shows that oxygen isotope records of stalagmites in China allows correlation of records of the 4 past glacial terminations with ice cores, establishing the timing of major events. "Th-dated oxygen isotope records of stalagmites from Sanbao Cave, China, characterize Asian Monsoon (AM) precipitation through the ends of the third- and fourthmost recent ice ages. As a result, AM records for the past four glacial terminations can now be precisely correlated with those from ice cores and marine sediments, establishing the timing and sequence of major events. In all four cases, observations are consistent with a classic Northern Hemisphere summer insolation intensity trigger for an initial retreat of northern ice sheets. Meltwater and icebergs entering the North Atlantic alter oceanic and atmospheric circulation and associated fluxes of heat and carbon, causing increases in atmospheric CO2 and Antarctic temperatures that drive the termination in the Southern… Read More
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Blending aviation gasolines - a study in programming interdependent activities in Econometrica 20...

Blending aviation gasolines - a study in programming interdependent activities in Econometrica 20 Issue 2 pp. 135-160, April 1952 ORIGINAL WRAPS: REFINERY OPTIMIZATION & LINEAR PROGRAMMING

by Charnes, A.; Cooper, W. W.; Mellon, B.

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Econometric Society, 1952. 1st Edition. Complete issue. FIRST EDITION, ORIGINAL WRAPS of the 1st PAPER DESCRIBING THE PIONEERING USE OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING TO OPTIMIZE THE OUTPUT OF A REFINERY. Charnes, Cooper, and Mellon formulated the blending of blending aviation gasolines as a linear programming problem. Their work, presented in the paper offered here, represents "the first and most fruitful industrial application of linear programming... So intense were the results that analogous approaches were immediately applied by the oil industry to exploration and production and distribution as well" (Joly, Refinery Production, Braz. J. Chem. Eng. 2, 2012 "The techniques of linear programming are here explained in a commercial application-blending aviation gasolines. Blending is critically important to almost all other areas of programming in an integrated oil company. Intelligent programming of production, transportation, manufacturing, or marketing generally requires solution of blending problems as an… Read More
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Effective-Range Approach to the Low-Energy p-Wave Pion-Nucleon Interaction WITH Theory of...

Effective-Range Approach to the Low-Energy p-Wave Pion-Nucleon Interaction WITH Theory of Photomeson Production at Low Energies in Physical Review 101, March 1, 1956, pp. 1570 - 1579; pp. 1579-1587

by Chew, G. F.; F. E. Low

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Lancaster: American Physical Society, 1956. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS OF TWO PAPERS RELATED TO THE STATIC MODEL FOR THE PION-NUCLEON INTERACTION. The two Chew and Low papers in this issue depict the important "interplay between technical developments in QFT and the elaboration of simplified models of the strong interaction" (Brown, Pions to Quarks, 596). The authors re-examine the theory of p-wave pion-nucleon scattering using the QFT formalism recently developed by one of the authors, F. E. Low. Specifically, the paper looks at Chew's "fixed-extended-source model using Low's QFT formalism" (ibid). After these papers, Chew's fixed-extended-source model became known as the Chew-Low model. CONDITION & DETAILS: Lancaster: American Physical Society. Complete issue in original wraps. 4to. (10.5 x 8 inches; 263 x 200mm). Light toning on one spot on the front wrap; very slight edge wear (see photos). Very good condition.
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De l'Aberration apparente des E'toiles, causée par le mouvement progressif de la Lumiére...

De l'Aberration apparente des E'toiles, causée par le mouvement progressif de la Lumiére [Clairaut] WITH La Figure de la Terre determinée [Maupertuis] in Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences Année 1737, pp. 205-228 [Clairaut]; pp. 389-469 [Maupertuis], 1740

by Clairaut, Alexis Claude de WITH Pierre Louis de Maupertuis

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Paris: L'imprimerie Royale. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITIONS OF 2 IMPORTANT PAPERS: CLAIRAUT ON STELLAR ABERRATION, THE FIRST DIRECT CONFIRMATION OF THE COPERNICAN THEORY with MAUPERTUIS & HIS OFFICIAL REPORT ON THE LAPLAND EXPEDITION TO MEASURE THE SHAPE OF THE EARTH. THE TRIPS CONFIRMED NEWTON'S DYNAMIC & SUPPORTED THE OBLATE SHAPE. Note that we offer the later Amsterdam printing as well. Both the French astronomer Alexis Claude de Clairaut and the French mathematician Pierre Louis de Maupertuis were involved in 18th century efforts to determine the shape of the earth; both published their findings in the this volume. To many controversy over the shape of the earth seemed a test between differing systems of natural philosophy — Cartesian and Newtonian. Though Newton and Huygens were working from differing theories of gravity, each calculated Earth to be slightly flattered at the poles. Writing in Principia, "Newton had calculated from the Earth's rotational force at the Equator that its equatorial… Read More
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De l'Aberration apparente des E'toiles, causée par le mouvement progressif de la Lumiére...

De l'Aberration apparente des E'toiles, causée par le mouvement progressif de la Lumiére [Clairaut] WITH La Figure de la Terre determinée [Maupertuis] in Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences Année 1737, pp. 285-318 [Clairaut]; pp. 533-597 [Maupertuis], 1741

by Clairaut, Alexis Claude de WITH Pierre Louis de Maupertuis

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Amsterdam: Pierre Mortier, 1741. 1st Amsterdam Printing. FIRST AMSTERDAM PRINTINGS OF 2 IMPORTANT PAPERS: CLAIRAUT ON STELLAR ABERRATION, THE FIRST DIRECT CONFIRMATION OF THE COPERNICAN THEORY with MAUPERTUIS & HIS OFFICIAL REPORT ON THE LAPLAND EXPEDITION TO MEASURE THE SHAPE OF THE EARTH. THE TRIPS CONFIRMED NEWTON'S DYNAMIC & SUPPORTED THE OBLATE SHAPE. 23 plates. Note that we offer the original, first Paris printing as well. Both the French astronomer Alexis Claude de Clairaut and the French mathematician Pierre Louis de Maupertuis were involved in 18th century efforts to determine the shape of the earth; both published their findings in the this volume. To many controversy over the shape of the earth seemed a test between differing systems of natural philosophy — Cartesian and Newtonian. Though Newton and Huygens were working from differing theories of gravity, each calculated Earth to be slightly flattered at the poles. Writing in Principia, "Newton had calculated from the Earth's… Read More
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A Photo-electric Theory of Color Vision in the Journal of the Optical Society of America and Review..., Vol. VI, No. 8, October, 1922, pp. 813-826

by Clark, Janet H.

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Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1922. 1st Edition. SCARCE CONTEMPORARY JOURNAL REPRINT "A Photo-electric Theory of Color Vision" is Clark's challenge to the other theories holding sway at that time; among them, that of Young-Helmholz, the Hering and Ladd-Franklin theory, Leboucq's, Joly's, and Cajal's. CONDITION & DETAILS: Baltimore: John Hopkins University. Bound in original paper wraps with very minor edge wear. Interior and exterior in very good condition.
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On the Application of the Mechanical Theory of Heat to the Steam-engine in The London, Edinburgh,...

On the Application of the Mechanical Theory of Heat to the Steam-engine in The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science 12 No. 79 pp. 241-265, October 1856

by Clausius, Rudolf

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London: Taylor and Francis. 1st Edition. 1856 FIRST EDITION IN ENGLISH & IN ORIGINAL WRAPS OF THE PAPER IN WHICH CLAUSIUS FULLY PRESENTS HIS MILESTONE APPLICATION OF THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS, namely, that "Heat can never pass from a colder to a warmer body without some other change, connected therewith, occurring at the same time" (Schweller, Maxwell's Demon, 31). Clausius first published this work in 1854 under the title "Über die Anwendung der mechanischen Wärmetheorie auf die Dampfmaschine" [and we offer that separately]. In 1856, this paper was also published in the American Journal of Science and Arts, however the The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science publication offered here is widely cited as the first in English. In his 1850 paper, the first on this subject, the German physicist and mathematician Rudolf Clausius (1822-1888) defined the relationship between work and heat and introduces the concept of "energy of a body" (equivalent to… Read More
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Evidence for the Pauling-Corey Alpha-Helix in Synthetic Polypeptides, in Nature: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science. Vol. 169, 9 Febrary 1952, pp. 234-235. Original Wraps

by Cochran, W., and Crick, F. H. C.

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London: Macmillan, 1952. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS of Francis Crick's and William Cochran's letter to the editors of Nature in which they previewed the important calculations that enabled them to predict the X-ray diffraction pattern produced by a crystal with a helical shape whose atoms are arranged at regular intervals along its axis. Their theory stated that for crystals with a helical shape, the X-ray pattern can be calculated by a combination of "Bessel functions," which arise in structures of cylindrical symmetry, such as a helix. Their calculations lent strong support to Linus Pauling and Robert Corey's finding that many polypeptides, molecules that consist of a sequence of amino acids, including most proteins, are in the shape of a single-stranded helix, which Pauling and Corey dubbed the alpha helix. Having provided mathematical proof that specific two-dimensional X-ray diffraction patterns reflect the three-dimensional shape of a helix later made it easier for Crick to… Read More
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Magnetic Breakdown in Crystals (Cohen & Falicov, pp. 231-234 WITH Evidence for Charge...

Magnetic Breakdown in Crystals (Cohen & Falicov, pp. 231-234 WITH Evidence for Charge Independence in Medium Weight Nuclei (Anderson & Wong, pp. 250-252) in Physical Review Letters 7, No. 6, September 15, 1961

by Cohen, Morrel H.; Falicov, L. M. WITH Anderson, J. D.; Wong, C.

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New York: The American Physical Society, 1961. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS OF THE FIRST PROPOSAL OF THE CONCEPT OF MAGNETIC BREAKDOWN (MB). ALSO, FIRST EDITION OF THE FIRST PROOF OF THE VALIDITY OF THE ISOSPIN SYMMETRY, ANDERSON & WONG'S DEMONSTRATION OF EXCITED ISOBARIC ANALOGUE STATES IN MEDIUM & HEAVY NUCLEI. The concept of magnetic breakdown (MB) "was first proposed [in this paper] by Cohen and Falicov to explain the very high frequency oscillation (the so-called giant orbit) observed by Priestley in his pulse-field De Haas-Van Alphen investigation of magnesium" (Progress in Low Temperature Physics, 5, 235). Their work made clear that the effects of MB are highly likely to appear in experiments involving the electronic band structure (or interbank structure) of many metals and should be anticipated. "Since [their discovery] the concept of MB has been applied to many experimental situation involving the dynamics of electrons in magnetic fields. The effect of MB is to alter the… Read More
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A Quantum Theory of the Scattering of X-rays by Light Elements in Physical Review 21, May 1923, pp. 483-502

by Compton, Arthur H.

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1st Edition
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Hardcover
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Lancaster: American Physical Society, 1923. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION OF ARTHUR COMPTON'S NOBEL PRIZE WINNING PAPER ON THE ‘COMPTON EFFECT,' THE SCATTERING OF HIGH-ENERGY PHOTONS BY ELECTRONS. The landmark "discovery of the Compton effect served as the technical catalyst for the acceptance and rapid development of quantum mechanics in the 1920s and 1930s" (Todd, Scientists in Space and Astronomy, 88). From this distance, "it is difficult for us today to understand that Compton's explanation of X-ray scattering was regarded as revolutionary. Physicists until then had learned that electromagnetic radiation, depending on the process studied, had to be described as consisting of EITHER waves OR energy quanta but now had to accept that BOTH the wave AND the particle property were needed" (Brandt, The Harvest of the Century, 130). "Compton carried out relativistic calculations (assuming detailed conservation of energy and momentum on a quantum-by-quantum basis) that predicted that energetic X-ray or… Read More
Item Price
A$2,099.92
A$7.78 shipping to USA
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