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The Action of Light on Selenium in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Volume 25,1877, pp. 113-117 [2nd Printing of THE FIRST DEMONSTRATION THAT ELECTRICITY COULD BE PRODUCED FROM LIGHT WITHOUT MOVING PARTS AND LED TO THE MODERN SOLAR CELL]

The Action of Light on Selenium in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Volume 25,1877, pp. 113-117 [2nd Printing of THE FIRST DEMONSTRATION THAT ELECTRICITY COULD BE PRODUCED FROM LIGHT WITHOUT MOVING PARTS AND LED TO THE MODERN SOLAR CELL]

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The Action of Light on Selenium in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Volume 25,1877, pp. 113-117 [2nd Printing of THE FIRST DEMONSTRATION THAT ELECTRICITY COULD BE PRODUCED FROM LIGHT WITHOUT MOVING PARTS AND LED TO THE MODERN SOLAR CELL]

by Adams, W. G. and R. E. Day

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About This Item

London: Royal Society, 1877. 1877. Bound Proceedings of the Royal Society printing of the invention of the solar cell. We offer the first edition, published in the Philosophical Transactions separately]. ADAMS' & DAYS DEMONSTRATION THAT ELECTRICITY COULD BE PRODUCED FROM LIGHT WITHOUT MOVING PARTS AND LED TO THE MODERN SOLAR CELL" (Wikipedia). William Grylls Adams and Richard Evans Day write of their discovery of a completely new phenomenon - "that light had caused a flow of electricity through a solid material. Adams and Day called current produced by light "photoelectric." Today, we call it "photovoltaic." (Perlin). Community Environmental Council, From Selenium to Silicon and Beyond). Note that this paper was also published in The Philosophical Transactions just prior to this publication.

The field of solar photovoltaics began in 1872 when British engineer Willoughby Smith published a paper on the photo-sensitivity of selenium. The dream of harnessing the near limitless energy of the sun attracted a great deal of scientific attention.

Many scientists began to experiment with selenium, but it wasn't until three years later (and presented in this paper) that Adams and Day discovered and proved that ‘illuminating a junction between selenium and platinum has a photovoltaic effect', or, more simply said, selenium produces electricity when exposed to light (Wikipedia). Together, Adams and Day "subjected selenium to many experiments, including one in which they passed a battery-generated current through it.

"After the selenium was detached from the battery, Adams and Day discovered to their surprise that the current running inside the selenium had reversed itself. To find out why the selenium had changed the direction of the electrical flow, they repeated the experiment with on e variation. After removing the selenium from the battery, they let a flame shine onto the selenium. The flame forced the current to flow in the direction opposite to that in the previous experiment. ‘Here there seemed to be a case of light actually producing an electromotive force within the selenium, which in this case was opposed to and could overbalance the electromotive force' of the battery, the amazed scientists observed.

"This unexpected result led Adams and Day to alter their course of investigation and to immediately examine ‘whether it would be possible to start a current in the selenium merely by the action of light.' The next morning, they lit a candle an inch away from the same piece of selenium. " (Perlin, The Story of Solar Electricity, 16). The needle to their measuring device reacted immediately. Screening the selenium from light caused the needle to drop to zero. These rapid responses ruled out the possibility that the heat of the candle flame had produced the current (a phenomenon known as thermal electricity), because when heat was applied or withdrawn in thermoelectric experiments, the needle would always rise or fall slowly.

"‘Hence,' the investigators concluded, ‘it was clear that a current could be started in the selenium by the action of the light alone.' They therefor felt confident that they had discovered something completely new: that light caused ‘a flow of electricity' in a solid material. Adams and Day called current produced by light ‘photoelectric'" (Perlin, 17).

ALSO INCLUDED: J. J. Thomson's first experimental work, "Experiments on Contact Electricity between Non-Conductors," pp. 169-171. CONDITION & DETAILS: London: The Royal Society. Complete volume. 8vo. 8.5 by 5.5 inches (213 x 138mm). [4], x, [599], 5. Ex-libris with two stamps on the title page and no exterior markings whatsoever. Ten plates and In-text illustrations throughout. Handsomely rebound in half calf over aged marbled paper boards, gilt-lettered at the spine. Five gilt-ruled raised bands at the spine; each compartment gilt tooled. Marbled text block. Bright and clean throughout. Near fine condition in every way.

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Details

Bookseller
Atticus Rare Books US (US)
Bookseller's Inventory #
540
Title
The Action of Light on Selenium in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Volume 25,1877, pp. 113-117 [2nd Printing of THE FIRST DEMONSTRATION THAT ELECTRICITY COULD BE PRODUCED FROM LIGHT WITHOUT MOVING PARTS AND LED TO THE MODERN SOLAR CELL]
Author
Adams, W. G. and R. E. Day
Book Condition
Used
Quantity Available
1
Edition
1877
Binding
Hardcover
Publisher
Royal Society
Place of Publication
London
Date Published
1877

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Atticus Rare Books

Seller rating:
This seller has earned a 5 of 5 Stars rating from Biblio customers.
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West Branch, Iowa

About Atticus Rare Books

We specialize in rare and unusual antiquarian books in the sciences and the history of science. Additionally, we specialize in 20th century physics, mathematics, and astronomy.

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Fine
A book in fine condition exhibits no flaws. A fine condition book closely approaches As New condition, but may lack the...
Text Block
Most simply the inside pages of a book. More precisely, the block of paper formed by the cut and stacked pages of a book....
Rebound
A book in which the pages have been bound into a covering replacing the original covering issued by the publisher.
Spine
The outer portion of a book which covers the actual binding. The spine usually faces outward when a book is placed on a shelf....
First Edition
In book collecting, the first edition is the earliest published form of a book. A book may have more than one first edition in...
New
A new book is a book previously not circulated to a buyer. Although a new book is typically free of any faults or defects, "new"...
Device
Especially for older books, a printer's device refers to an identifying mark, also sometimes called a printer's mark, on the...
Marbled Paper
Decorative colored paper that imitates marble with a veined, mottled, or swirling pattern. Commonly used as the end papers or...
Calf
Calf or calf hide is a common form of leather binding. Calf binding is naturally a light brown but there are ways to treat the...
Gilt
The decorative application of gold or gold coloring to a portion of a book on the spine, edges of the text block, or an inlay in...
Title Page
A page at the front of a book which may contain the title of the book, any subtitles, the authors, contributors, editors, the...
Raised Band(s)
Raised bands refer to the ridges that protrude slightly from the spine on leather bound books. The bands are created in the...

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