Program integrity: further action needed to address vulnerabilities in Medicaid and Medicare Programs: testimony before the Subcommittee on Government Organization, Efficiency, and Financial Management, Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Hou Paperback / softback - 2017

" In 2011, CMS estimated that Medicaid and Medicare had improper payments of $21.9 billion and almost $43 billion, respectively-among the largest for all federal programs. Both health care programs are on GAO's list of high-risk programs. Over the years, Congress has passed legislation designed to help address program integrity issues in the two programs but they remain vulnerable to fraud, waste, and abuse. The program integrity challenges are different for Medicaid and Medicare. With 51 distinct state-based programs, Medicaid has complex challenges for finding the appropriate balance between state and federal efforts. Medicare uses contractors to help administer the program and CMS must oversee their efforts. This statement examines the progress made and important steps still to be taken in these programs. GAO focused on four key strategies and recommendations that were designed to facilitate them that were identified in prior work and that could help reduce improper payments: (1) strengthening provider enrollment standards and procedures to ensure that only legitimate providers participate in the program; (2) improving prepayment controls; (3) improving postpayment claims review and recovery of improper payments; and (4) developing a robust process for addressing identified vulnerabilities. This statement is based on GAO products issued from April 2004 through May 2012 and interviews with agency officials and other stakeholders. In May 2012, GAO"